Development and Initial Analysis of Multiple Sclerosis Self-Management Scale

This article describes the development and initial psychometric analysis of the Multiple Sclerosis Self-Management Scale (MSSM). The scale was developed to provide a comprehensive and psycho-metrically sound assessment of self-management knowledge and practices among adults with multiple sclerosis (MS). Items were developed based on a review of the MS and self-management literature and professional consultation. The scale was refined after pilot testing, and the reliability, validity, and factor structure of the refined scale were then assessed in a sample of 266 adults with MS. Construct validity was supported by factor analysis and correlation of MSSM with other constructs known to be related to self-management. Specifically, MSSM was significantly positively correlated with quality-of-life ratings and significantly negatively correlated with psychological and physical impact of MS, as measured with the Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale. Internal consistency reliability for the scale was acceptable (α = .86). Factor analysis confirms a seven-factor model for MSSM, with subscales that measure several important components of self-management in MS. Additional research with MSSM is ongoing, but initial results suggest that the measure may be useful in both research and clinical applications.